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MANURE AND METROPOLES---A GLOBAL FRAMEWORK FOR NUTRIENT CYCLING IN FOOD SYSTEMS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

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MANURE AND METROPOLES—A GLOBAL FRAMEWORK FOR NUTRIENT CYCLING IN FOOD SYSTEMS

Daan VERSTAND, Theun VELLINGA, Krijn POPPE, Pieter de WOLF

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 182-187 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020364

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INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS: LESSONS FROM NEW YORK, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AND THE SOUTH-EASTERN UNITED STATES

Alan FRANZLUEBBERS, Derek HUNT, Gary TELFORD, Shabtai BITTMAN, Quirine KETTERINGS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 81-96 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020365

摘要： Livestock production in the United States (US) and Canada is diverse, but shows a common trend in most livestock sectors toward fewer farms producing the majority of animal products despite a large number of farms still small in production scale. The migration to larger and more concentrated animal feeding operations in beef finishing and poultry, swine, and dairy production allows processors to streamline supplies to meet market demand for abundant, low-cost livestock products, whether that be for packaged meat, dairy products, or eggs. With concentration of livestock operations comes the challenge of managing manures. When sufficient land is available and nutrients are needed, livestock manure is an excellent nutrient source and land application is the preferred method of recycling this resource. However, when livestock production is constrained in a geographical area and animal densities are high, manure may become an environmental liability with potentially greater risk for runoff and leaching of nutrients, emission of odors, ammonia, and greenhouse gases, and release to the environment of pathogens and chemicals of emerging concern. Addressing these challenges now and into the future requires learning from mistakes and adopting successful approaches. We describe different levels of integration between livestock and crop producers in New York, British Columbia, and the south-eastern US as learning opportunities to improve economic and environmental sustainability. Examples show that effective solutions should recognize (1) manure has value and is not just a cost, (2) farmers, farm advisors, extension educators, nutrient management planners, crop advisors, nutritionists, state agency personnel, regulators, and university researchers need to be active participants in development of solutions, and (3) change to a sustainable future requires a combination of government regulation and outcome-based incentives.

关键词： cropland     dairy manure     nutrient cycling     pastureland     poultry manure     swine manure    

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CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN CHINA: THE HISTORY OF STATE POLICY GOALS, REFORM OPPORTUNITIES AND INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 518-529 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023525

摘要：

This paper examines the historical evolution of crop-livestock integration in China with a specific focus on its role in mitigating non-point source pollution. Extensive examination of existing literature has unearthed the roots of crop-livestock integration dating back to the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 to 771 BCE), ultimately culminating in a multifaceted and intricately interwoven system of rural development policies seen in contemporary China. This paper identifies and characterizes four distinct stages in the historical trajectory of crop-livestock integration: the era of self-sufficient subsistence production in traditional times (1046 BCE to 1948); the period where crop-livestock integration emerged as a pivotal strategy for augmenting grain and meat production under collectivist policies (1949‒1977); the phase marked by the industrialization and expansion of the livestock sector during the early years of economic reforms (1978‒2011); and the present era in which crop-livestock integration is harnessed as a mechanism for pollution control and ecological preservation in contemporary China (2012 to present). This paper illuminates the diverse contributions of crop-livestock integration in different epochs of rural development within China, which contributes to a nuanced and more theoretically grounded comprehension of circular agriculture. This understanding has the potential to be leveraged to promote sustainable rural development in broader contexts.

关键词： crop-livestock integration     non-point source pollution control     nutrient cycling     policy intervention     sustainable development    

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Managing nutrient for both food security and environmental sustainability in China: an experiment for

Fusuo ZHANG, Zhenling CUI, Weifeng ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第1期   页码 53-61 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014006

摘要： The challenges of how to simultaneously ensure global food security, improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and protect the environment have received increasing attention. However, the dominant agricultural paradigm still considers high yield and reducing environmental impacts to be in conflict with one another. Here we examine a Three-Step-Strategy of past 20 years to produce more with less in China, showing that tremendous progress has been made to reduce N fertilizer input without sacrificing crop yield. The first step is to use technology for in-season root-zone nutrient management to significantly increase NUE. The second is to use technology for integrated nutrient management to increase both yield and NUE by 15%–20%. The third step is to use technology for integrated soil-crop system management to increase yield and NUE by 30%–50% simultaneously. These advances can thus be considered an effective agricultural paradigm to ensure food security, while increasing NUE and improving environmental quality.

关键词： integrated nutrient management     integrated soil-crop system management     environmental protection     food security     resource use efficiency    

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SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE SUBTROPICAL HILLY REGION OF CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 407-424 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022448

摘要：

● Soil nitrogen fluxes and influencing factors were reviewed in the subtropical hilly regions.

关键词： nitrogen cycling     soil nitrogen     nitrogen deposition     greenhouse gases emission     non-point source pollution     nitrogen use efficiency    

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Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 294-300 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0351-0

摘要：

The elastic modulus of a deposit (Ed) can be obtained by monitoring the temperature (?T) and curvature (?k) of a one-side coated long plate, namely, a one-dimensional (1D) deformation model. The aim of this research is to design an experimental setup that proves whether a 1D deformation model can be scaled for complex geometries. The setup includes a laser displacement sensor mounted on a robotic arm capable of scanning a specimen surface and measuring its deformation. The reproducibility of the results is verified by comparing the present results with Stony Brook University Laboratory’s results. The ?k-?T slope error is less than 8%, and the Ed estimation error is close to 2%. These values reveal the repeatability of the experiments. Several samples fabricated with aluminum as the substrate and 100MXC nanowire (Fe and Cr alloy) as the deposit are analyzed and compared with those in finite element (FE) simulations. The linear elastic behavior of 1D (flat long plate) and 2D (squared plate) specimens during heating/cooling cycles is demonstrated by the high linearity of all ?k-?T curves (over 97%). The Ed values are approximately equal for 1D and 2D analyses, with a median of 96 GPa and standard deviation of 2 GPa. The correspondence between the experimental and simulated results for the 1D and 2D specimens reveals that deformation and thermal stress in coated specimens can be predicted regardless of specimen geometry through FE modeling and by using the experimental value of Ed. An example of a turbine-blade-shaped substrate is presented to validate the approach.

关键词： in-plane     Young’s modulus     curvature temperature     thermal stress     coating    

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HOTSPOTS OF NUTRIENT LOSSES TO AIR AND WATER: AN INTEGRATED MODELING APPROACH FOR EUROPEAN RIVER BASINS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 579-592 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023526

摘要：

Nutrient pollution of air and water is a persistent problem in Europe. However, the pollution sources are often analyzed separately, preventing the formulation of integrative solutions. This study aimed to quantify the contribution of agriculture to air, river and coastal water pollution by nutrients. A new MARINA-Nutrients model was developed for Europe to calculate inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to land and rivers, N emissions to air, and nutrient export to seas by river basins. Under current practice, inputs of N and P to land were 34.4 and 1.8 Tg·yr–1, respectively. However, only 12% of N and 3% of P reached the rivers. Agriculture was responsible for 55% of N and sewage for 67% of P in rivers. Reactive N emissions to air from agriculture were calculated at 4.0 Tg·yr–1. Almost two-fifths of N emissions to air were from animal housing and storage. Nearly a third of the basin area was considered as pollution hotspots and generated over half of N emissions to air and nutrient pollution in rivers. Over 25% of river export of N ended up in the Atlantic Ocean and of P in the Mediterranean Sea. These results could support environmental policies to reduce both air and water pollution simultaneously, and avoid pollution swapping.

关键词： agriculture     air-water modeling     European rivers     nutrient pollution     sewage systems     source attribution    

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Unintended nutrient imbalance induced by wastewater effluent inputs to receiving water and its ecological

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1584-x

摘要： Eutrophication is the most widespread water quality issue globally. To date, most efforts to control eutrophication have focused on reductions of external nutrient inputs, yet importance of nutrient stoichiometry and subsequent shift in plankton composition in aquatic ecosystem has been largely neglected. To address eutrophication, improved sanitation is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, spurring the constructions of wastewater treatment facilities that have improved water quality in many lakes and rivers. However, control measures are often targeted at and effective in removing a single nutrient from sewage and thus are less effective in removing the others, resulting in the changes of nutrient stoichiometry. In general, more effective phosphorus removal relative to nitrogen has occurred in wastewater treatment leading to substantial increases in N/P ratios in effluent relative to the influent. Unfortunately, high N/P ratios in receiving waters can impose negative influences on ecosystems. Thus, long-term strategies for domestic wastewater management should not merely focus on the total reduction of nutrient discharge but also consider their stoichiometric balances in receiving waters.

关键词： Nutrient stoichiometry     Wastewater treatment     Ecosystem functioning     Water quality management    

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Pelagic-benthic coupling of the microbial food web modifies nutrient cycles along a cascade-dammed river

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1484-5

摘要：

• Structure of multi-trophic microbial groups were analyzed using DNA metabarcoding.

关键词： Reservoir     Multi-trophic     Beta diversity     Predator-prey     Nutrient accumulation    

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Insights into the changes of amino acids, microbial community, and enzymatic activities related with the nutrient

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1635-y

摘要：

● The highest seed germination index was achieved at 0.3 g/g total solids of food waste.

关键词： Composting     Food waste     Amino acids     Microbial community     Enzymatic activity     Nutrient quality    

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bioaccumulations based on a global data set and the implications for aquatic systems with aggravating nutrient

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1471-x

摘要：

• Hg bioaccumulation by phytoplankton varies among aquatic ecosystems.

关键词： Plankton     Hg bioaccumulation     Physiological characteristics     A cross-system analysis     Nutrient compositions     Global data set    

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biomass-derived carbon loaded with MnO as lithium-ion battery anode for improving its reversible capacity and cycling

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2376-y

摘要： Biomass-derived carbon materials for lithium-ion batteries emerge as one of the most promising anodes from sustainable perspective. However, improving the reversible capacity and cycling performance remains a long-standing challenge. By combining the benefits of K2CO3 activation and KMnO4 hydrothermal treatment, this work proposes a two-step activation method to load MnO2 charge transfer onto biomass-derived carbon (KAC@MnO2). Comprehensive analysis reveals that KAC@MnO2 has a micro-mesoporous coexistence structure and uniform surface distribution of MnO2, thus providing an improved electrochemical performance. Specifically, KAC@MnO2 exhibits an initial charge-discharge capacity of 847.3/1813.2 mAh·g–1 at 0.2 A·g–1, which is significantly higher than that of direct pyrolysis carbon and K2CO3 activated carbon, respectively. Furthermore, the KAC@MnO2 maintains a reversible capacity of 652.6 mAh·g–1 after 100 cycles. Even at a high current density of 1.0 A·g–1, KAC@MnO2 still exhibits excellent long-term cycling stability and maintains a stable reversible capacity of 306.7 mAh·g–1 after 500 cycles. Compared with reported biochar anode materials, the KAC@MnO2 prepared in this work shows superior reversible capacity and cycling performance. Additionally, the Li+ insertion and de-insertion mechanisms are verified by ex situ X-ray diffraction analysis during the charge-discharge process, helping us better understand the energy storage mechanism of KAC@MnO2.

关键词： biomass-derived carbon     MnO2     lithium-ion batteries     anode material     high reversible capacity    

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Effects of riparian vegetation patterns on the distribution and potential loss of soil nutrients: a case study of the Wenyu River in Beijing

Erhui GUO,Liding CHEN,Ranhao SUN,Zhaoming WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 279-287 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0667-8

摘要： A riparian ecosystem is an ecological transition zone between a river channel and terrestrial ecosystems. Riparian ecosystems play a vital role in maintaining stream health and bank stabilization. The types of riparian vegetation have changed greatly because of human activities along the Wenyu River. This study examines the impact of riparian vegetation patterns on water pollution due to soil nutrient loss. Four riparian vegetation patterns from the river channel to the upland were chosen as the focus of this study: grassland, cropland, grassland-cropland, and grassland-manmade lawn. The different distributions of soil nutrients along vegetation patterns and the potential risk of nutrient loss were observed and compared. The results showed that riparian cropland has the lowest value of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and organic matter (OM), but it has the highest soil bulk density (BD). The distributions of soil TN, TP, AN, AP, and OM exhibited a declining trend from the upland toward the river channel for riparian cropland, whereas a different trend was observed for the riparian grassland. The vegetation patterns of grassland-cropland and grassland-manmade lawn show that the grassland in the lower slope has more nutrients and OM but lower soil BD than the cropland or manmade lawn in the upper slope. So, the lower-slope grassland may intercept and infiltrate surface runoff from the upland. The lower-slope grassland has higher levels of soil TN, TP, AN, and AP, and thus it may become a new source of nutrient loss. Our results suggest that the management of the riparian vegetation should be improved, particularly in densely populated areas, to control soil erosion and river pollution.

关键词： riparian     vegetation patterns     soil nutrient distribution     nutrient loss     management    

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Characterization of the genes involved in nitrogen cycling in wastewater treatment plants using DNA microarray

Junqin PANG, Masami MATSUDA, Masashi KURODA, Daisuke INOUE, Kazunari SEI, Kei NISHIDA, Michihiko IKE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0846-x

摘要： Nitrogen-cycling microbial communities in municipal WWTPs were characterized. Numbers of , and genes were quantified by MPN-PCR. Diversity of whole nitrogen-cycling communities was analyzed with DNA microarray. CAS process retained diverse nitrogen cycling populations. Specific, limited populations may be dominated in nitrogen removal processes. To improve nitrogen removal performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), it is essential to understand the behavior of nitrogen cycling communities, which comprise various microorganisms. This study characterized the quantity and diversity of nitrogen cycling genes in various processes of municipal WWTPs by employing two molecular-based methods:most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR) and DNA microarray. MPN-PCR analysis revealed that gene quantities were not statistically different among processes, suggesting that conventional activated sludge processes (CAS) are similar to nitrogen removal processes in their ability to retain an adequate population of nitrogen cycling microorganisms. Furthermore, most processes in the WWTPs that were researched shared a pattern:the and the bacterial genes were more abundant than the and archaeal genes, respectively. DNA microarray analysis revealed that several kinds of nitrification and denitrification genes were detected in both CAS and anaerobic-oxic processes (AO), whereas limited genes were detected in nitrogen removal processes. Results of this study suggest that CAS maintains a diverse community of nitrogen cycling microorganisms; moreover, the microbial communities in nitrogen removal processes may be specific.

关键词： DNA microarray analysis     Nitrogen cycling functional genes     Most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR)     Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

MANURE AND METROPOLES---A GLOBAL FRAMEWORK FOR NUTRIENT CYCLING IN FOOD SYSTEMS

期刊论文

MANURE AND METROPOLES—A GLOBAL FRAMEWORK FOR NUTRIENT CYCLING IN FOOD SYSTEMS

Daan VERSTAND, Theun VELLINGA, Krijn POPPE, Pieter de WOLF

期刊论文

INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS: LESSONS FROM NEW YORK, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AND THE SOUTH-EASTERN UNITED STATES

Alan FRANZLUEBBERS, Derek HUNT, Gary TELFORD, Shabtai BITTMAN, Quirine KETTERINGS

期刊论文

CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN CHINA: THE HISTORY OF STATE POLICY GOALS, REFORM OPPORTUNITIES AND INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS

期刊论文

Managing nutrient for both food security and environmental sustainability in China: an experiment for

Fusuo ZHANG, Zhenling CUI, Weifeng ZHANG

期刊论文

SOIL NITROGEN CYCLING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE SUBTROPICAL HILLY REGION OF CHINA: EVIDENCE FROM

期刊论文

Elastic modulus and thermal stress in coating during heat cycling with different substrate shapes

Daniel GAONA,Alfredo VALAREZO

期刊论文

HOTSPOTS OF NUTRIENT LOSSES TO AIR AND WATER: AN INTEGRATED MODELING APPROACH FOR EUROPEAN RIVER BASINS

期刊论文

Unintended nutrient imbalance induced by wastewater effluent inputs to receiving water and its ecological

期刊论文

Pelagic-benthic coupling of the microbial food web modifies nutrient cycles along a cascade-dammed river

期刊论文

Insights into the changes of amino acids, microbial community, and enzymatic activities related with the nutrient

期刊论文

bioaccumulations based on a global data set and the implications for aquatic systems with aggravating nutrient

期刊论文

biomass-derived carbon loaded with MnO as lithium-ion battery anode for improving its reversible capacity and cycling

期刊论文

Effects of riparian vegetation patterns on the distribution and potential loss of soil nutrients: a case study of the Wenyu River in Beijing

Erhui GUO,Liding CHEN,Ranhao SUN,Zhaoming WANG

期刊论文

Characterization of the genes involved in nitrogen cycling in wastewater treatment plants using DNA microarray

Junqin PANG, Masami MATSUDA, Masashi KURODA, Daisuke INOUE, Kazunari SEI, Kei NISHIDA, Michihiko IKE

期刊论文